With much respect to Dan , Lee & Frank it seems as if all of have forgotten about the past , its lessons , the truths & its methods which some of the " enlightened " have deemed cruel & neanderthalic. If there is one absolute it is those who came before us were extremely practical people ie they did not keep or feed dogs who could not work or where unhealthy , those dogs were culled .....Is this wrong ??? NOT hardly !!!! Training of protection dogs at the turn of the 19th century, the dogs were actually physically beaten to instill a distrust of strangers & to build a man fighting drive .....Is this wrong ???.....NO.....because of this style of training only favored the strong both physically & mentally . Those that weren't were gotten rid of....Inbreeding & linebreeding are tools to fix type ONLY, once type is fixed ......then outcrossing should be the the rule of thumb .....the only drawbacks with outcrossing are the amount of dogs needed for this & good working relationships with other breeders of like minds to exchange dogs with ....Which most know the egos of dog breeders are huge, :lol: SO this could be a small problem 8O . Scientific screening is tool also ....It is not the ALPHA & the OMEGA of dog breeding .....The ONLY way I know to judge the future IS by the PAST