You'd avoid any recently evolved dog type. Primitive dogs are going to do the best, speifically dogs from cultures that frankly didn't take very good care of them. Nordic spitz breeds and pariah type dogs specifically. But then, when I look at your question again, I guess there's nothing to say you wouldn't take good care of your dog when you and it went to live in the wild, in which case your options would be much more flexible, and you might then start thinking about what kind of dog is going to help you flourish, rather than what kind of dog will survive the wilderness, and when you do this you will definitely focus on the more recently evolved dogs. Any dog can survive the wilderness with someone there looking after them. Dogs that will help you flourish will be elite hunting dogs like sighthounds, deerhounds thriving in probably the widest range of climates (contrary to what people might guess that they don't like the heat, they handle it better than most shortcoated dogs- a long muzzle and lean frame does more for heat tolerance than coat shortness). Ideally though, like if you want anything done right by dogs, you're going to want a mongrel. A hybrid of types. From there you need to work out what will be required of this dog? Hunting? Guarding? Pulling you or supplies on a sled perhaps? Will it need to be able to survive by itself sometimes? What kind of wilderness are we talking? Lots of dangerous predators? What kind of prey animals? Etc