Well, testing of dogs was done in two ways: 1. Dog vs. Dog 2. Dog vs. Wolf (rarely a bear) Dogs vs. Wolf way was done in a period when dog is around one year old. It was not the fighting test ofcorse, because the wolf is traped and sometimes badly wounded as you said it pes. Important thing for dog is to show that he have guts and currage to confront the wolf, because sometimes even that is enough to scare the predators, and if he don't do that (lack of selfconfedence), the dog was killed on the site, by his owner! I know it is cruel, but that's the way it is. Dog vs. Dog tests are done not that much to show dogs fighting skills, but rather to see which dog is more dominant. Custom in villages on Sarplanina is that winer of those turnaments is considered as the most dominant male specimen, and shepards would bring their females for mating to that dog. This is only custom of folks from Sarplanina Mountain region, I'm not speaking for the rest of the people. Ther is more, but I've allready wrote it in SARPLANINAC-ABORIGINAL TYPE forume on this site. Aleksa