Wolf behavior in captivity including excessive pacing is not remotely close to wolf behavior in the wild. In captivity there is a considerably higher level of aggression and anxiety between wolves and the linear dominance hierarchy (pack order) is usually present when more than two wolves are kept together. The main reason for the aggression is that the purpose for a wolf pack to exist, survival, has been removed to there is no real outlet to release their innate prey drive and the built up frustration and anxiety from being in captivity. In wild packs the linear dominance hierarchy observed in captive packs in most cases does not exist at all. If you read the latest research from wild wolf experts like Dr. David Mech, they hesitate even using the word Alpha and really do not discuss dominance hierarchy/pack order anymore. What I find most interesting is that observing wolves in captivity is the whole premise of the linear dominance theory pack hiearchy model for dog training where the human is conceived to be Alpha in a pack with their dog or dogs. This theory in recent years has taken two divergent paths, one being the positive/motivational/clicker trainers that believe themselves to still be the benevolent alpha in a pack with their dogs and the original ideaology old school trainers that also believe themselves to be the alpha in a pack with their dogs and try to mimic the aggressive wolf behavior and use force and compulsion including the Alpha Roll in training. And this is all has been based on 40 plus years of observance, interpretation, and misapplication of abnormal unnatural captive wolf behavior.