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The Patterdale Terrier can be traced back to the cross breeding of The Old English Terrier (the original black terrier) and the Northumberland Pit Terrier (now extinct) and later to the Lake District, specifically to Ullswater Hunt master Joe Bowman, an early Border Terrier breeder. where he used the best Red Fell terriers and the best local hunting terriers available to him, so that he could continue his efforts to refine the breed even further.

The breed did not gain notability until Cyril Breay, a schoolmaster and huntsman, refined them even further, using the best dogs of northern England. It is believed that all current Patterdale Terriers descend from dogs bred by Breay.[citation needed]

The Patterdale Terrier is more of a "type" rather than a "breed", being the result of a culmination of working terrier breeds indigenous to the United Kingdom.[citation needed] Patterdale Terrier Type dogs were bred by poachers across northern England. As well as others, for the hunting and dispatch of the red fox in the rocky fells around the Lake District, North West and North East of England where a traditional digging dog was not always of great use. Patterdale Terriers have also been used for illegal badger baiting in the UK.

The Patterdale was developed in the harsh environment in the north of England, an area unsuitable for arable farming and mostly too hilly for cattle. Sheep farming is the predominant farming activity on these hills. Since the fox is perceived by farmers as being predatory with respect to sheep and small farm animals, terriers are used for predator control. Unlike the dirt dens found in the hunt country of the south, the rocky dens found in the north do not allow much digging. As a consequence, the terrier needs to be able to bolt the fox from the rock crevice or dispatch it where it is found.

The use of "hard" dogs to hunt foxes in this way was made illegal in England and Wales by the Hunting Act 2004, as it runs counter to the code of practice under the Act.

The Patterdale made its way to the United States, where it is used for groundhog, raccoon, fox and nutria with great success.[citation needed] Patterdale Terriers, considered highly adaptable, excel worldwide not just at hunting a wide array of quarry, but in a number of canine sports, such as dog agility and terrier racing.[citation needed] In the US, the Patterdale Terrier was recognised by the United Kennel Club on January 1, 1995, but remains unrecognized by the American Kennel Club.

There are two breed standards for the Patterdale Terrier belonging to the United Kennel Club (UKC) and the American Dog Breeders Association (ADBA), both in the United States, since the United Kingdom Kennel Club does not recognize the Patterdale Terrier.

The UKC standard states that dogs are between 25 and 38 centimetres tall, and specifies that dogs should be in fit, working condition. The UKC standard further specifies:

"An active little terrier that presents a compact, balanced image. As a working terrier, they have to be capable of squeezing through very small passages underground to follow quarry. This breed is worked far more than it is shown, and breeders are primarily concerned with the practicality of the breed. This terrier must have a strong neck, the fortitude to hold its quarry at bay, the ability to squeeze into tight burrows, and great flexibility and endurance."

Patterdale Terrier puppies tend to be bold and confident beyond their capabilities. The Patterdale is known as a working terrier, rather than a show dog. Typical of terriers, whose work requires high energy and a strong drive to pursue prey, Patterdales are very energetic and can be difficult to socialize. Though also kept as pets, due to being bred for high-intensity work, they may tend towards being too energetic for a sedentary household life.

The main variations in coat colour/type

The coat may be one of three types: "smooth," "broken," or "rough."

• Smooth coat: Short, glossy hair. Undercoat still usually present.
• Broken coat: Coarse. May be some longer whiskering on muzzle and chin.
• Rough coat: Longer hair overall, including face, ears, and muzzle. Very thick, protective double coat.

All coat types should have dense and coarse double coats that are harsh to the touch and weatherproof.

Colours include black, red, bronze, black and tan, chocolate, liver, or even liver and tan and occasionally brindle, but never fully white. Any other colours, or larger patches of white away from the chest, are indicative of cross-breeding, particularly with the Jack Russell Terrier. It is traditional for a Patterdale terrier to be of solid colour, with no white markings.

Source: Wikipedia

The Nivernais Mastiff, also known as the Dogue du Nivernais, is a large and muscular breed of dog that has its origins in France. They were originally developed as a hunting dog to assist in the hunting of game, specifically wild boar and deer, in the Nivernais region of France.

Appearance:

The Nivernais Mastiff is a large and powerful breed that can stand up to 26 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh up to 120 pounds. They have a deep chest, strong legs, and a broad head with a powerful, square-shaped jaw. The breed has a short, thick fur coat that comes in a variety of colors including brindle, black, and tan.

Temperament:

The Nivernais Mastiff is a loyal and affectionate breed that is known for its protective nature. They are wary and suspicious of strangers but will be loving and devoted to their family. This breed is patient and gentle with children but will often take charge and become protective if they sense danger.

Training:

The Nivernais Mastiff is a highly intelligent and trainable breed but can be stubborn at times. They are eager to please their owner and respond well to positive reinforcement training methods. Early socialization and obedience training are crucial for this breed to ensure that they grow up to be well-mannered and obedient.

Exercise:

The Nivernais Mastiff is an active breed that requires plenty of exercise to maintain their physical and mental health. They enjoy long walks, hikes, and runs and love to play in open spaces. This breed is not suitable for apartment living and does best in a home with a large fenced yard.

Health:

The Nivernais Mastiff is generally a healthy breed but may be prone to certain health problems such as hip dysplasia, bloat, and ear infections. Regular veterinary check-ups and a healthy diet and exercise routine are necessary to keep your dog happy and healthy.

In conclusion, the Nivernais Mastiff is a loyal, protective, and affectionate breed that makes a great companion for families that enjoy an active lifestyle. While they may be intimidating in appearance, this breed is gentle and loving with their family and thrives on attention and affection from their owners.

The Brazilian Bandogge is a hybrid dog breed that was developed in Brazil by breeding the Brazilian Mastiff with the English Mastiff, Rottweiler, and other breeds. They are a large and muscular dog breed that stands between 23-30 inches tall and can weigh between 90-140 pounds. Here are some key characteristics of the breed:

• Temperament: Brazilian Bandogges are loyal, protective, and affectionate with their family members. They are wary of strangers and make excellent guard dogs. They require a firm and consistent hand in training and socialization from an early age.
• Coat: The coat of this breed is short, smooth, and dense. They come in a range of colors including black, brindle, fawn, and blue.
• Health: Brazilian Bandogges are generally healthy dogs but can be prone to certain health issues such as hip dysplasia, skin allergies, and bloat.
• Exercise: These dogs have high energy levels and require daily exercise to keep them healthy and happy. They enjoy running, playing, and long walks.
• Grooming: Because of their short coat, Brazilian Bandogges require minimal grooming. Brushing them once a week is enough to keep their coat healthy and shiny.
• Lifespan: The average lifespan of a Brazilian Bandogge is between 8-10 years.

Overall, Brazilian Bandogges are a powerful and intelligent dog breed that requires an experienced owner who can handle their strength and protectiveness. They make excellent guard dogs and loyal companions but require proper socialization and training from an early age.

The fascinating history of the Assyrian Mastiff, a majestic and ancient breed that once roamed the vast Assyrian lands.

The Assyrian Mastiff: Guardians of the Ancient Empire

Origins and Purpose

The Assyrian Mastiff, also known as the Ashur-Ku, traces its lineage back to the ancient Assyrian civilization. These colossal canines were revered for their imposing presence, loyalty, and unwavering dedication to their masters. Let’s explore their characteristics and role in the ancient world.

Physical Attributes

• Stature and Strength: Standing at an impressive height of 30 to 34 inches at the shoulder, the Assyrian Mastiff was a true giant among dogs.
• Their muscular build and robust frame allowed them to excel in various tasks.
• Coat and Color:Their dense double coat provided insulation against the harsh Assyrian climate.
• Colors ranged from deep tan to reddish-brown, blending seamlessly with the arid desert landscape.
• Distinctive Features:A broad head with a pronounced stop and powerful jaws.
• Ears stood erect, alert to any intruders.
• Their eyes, often amber or dark brown, exuded intelligence and vigilance.

Role and Duties

Guardians of the Palace and Temples:

• The Assyrian Mastiffs were entrusted with safeguarding the royal palaces, temples, and important monuments.
• Their imposing presence alone deterred would-be invaders.

War Dogs:

• During times of conflict, these loyal canines marched alongside Assyrian warriors.
• Their sheer size and strength intimidated enemies, and they fearlessly defended their human companions.

Hunting Companions:

• The Assyrian Mastiffs accompanied nobles on hunting expeditions.
• Their keen sense of smell and endurance made them excellent trackers.

Temperament

Loyalty and Devotion:

• The bond between an Assyrian Mastiff and its master was unbreakable.
• They would willingly lay down their lives to protect their family.

Reserved Dignity:

• Unlike boisterous breeds, the Ashur-Ku carried themselves with regal poise.
• Their calm demeanor masked their fierce protective instincts.

Decline and Legacy

Fall of the Assyrian Empire:

• With the decline of the Assyrian civilization, the once-thriving breed faced challenges.
• Wars, invasions, and changing times led to their dwindling numbers.

Modern Rediscovery:

Today, efforts are underway to revive the Assyrian Mastiff. Breed enthusiasts study ancient texts, artifacts, and historical accounts to reconstruct their lineage.

The Assyrian Mastiff, a silent sentinel of antiquity, left an indelible mark on Assyrian culture. Their legacy endures, reminding us of the bond between humans and their noble canine companions across the ages.

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The Brabantse Bullenbijter, also known as the Brabant Bull Biter or Brabant Bulldog, is a rare dog breed originally from Belgium.

Appearance: The Brabantse Bullenbijter is a medium-sized dog with a sturdy build and a muscular body. They have a short, dense coat that comes in a variety of colors, including black, fawn, brindle, and gray. They have a wrinkled forehead, short muzzle, and powerful jaws.

Temperament: The Brabantse Bullenbijter is an intelligent, loyal, and confident breed. They are protective of their family and make excellent guard dogs. They are also affectionate and playful with their owners, but can be wary of strangers if not socialized properly.

Activity level: The Brabantse Bullenbijter is an active breed that requires daily exercise to maintain their physical and mental health. They enjoy long walks and outdoor activities, but also do well in apartment living as long as they receive sufficient exercise and mental stimulation.

Training: The Brabantse Bullenbijter is a highly trainable breed that responds well to positive reinforcement techniques such as praise, treats, and toys. They are intelligent and eager to please, so training should be focused on building a strong bond with their owner.

Health: The Brabantse Bullenbijter is a generally healthy breed with no major health concerns. However, like all breeds, they may be prone to certain health issues such as hip dysplasia, allergies, and eye problems.

Overall, the Brabantse Bullenbijter is a rare and unique breed that makes a great companion for those looking for an active, loyal, and protective dog.

The Persian Mastiff is a large and powerful dog breed that is native to Iran (formerly Persia). It is also known as the Iranian Mastiff, Persian Lion Dog or Sarabi Dog. It is a muscular and heavy-boned dog with a thick, double-coat that comes in various colors, including black, fawn, and brindle. They were originally bred to guard livestock and protect homes and are fearless and alert watchdogs. the Sarabi dog or Iranian Mastiff, is a majestic and powerful breed with a rich history and distinctive characteristics. The Persian Mastiff is also known for its loyalty and affection towards its family.

Origin: The Persian Mastiff hails from Sarab County in the East Azerbaijan Province of Iran¹. It is one of the oldest and most powerful indigenous dog breeds in the country, highly valued for its size and strength¹.

Physical Characteristics:

●     Height: Males typically stand between 80-100 cm, while females range from 70-85 cm¹.

●     Weight: Males weigh around 65-90 kg, and females are generally between 60-80 kg¹.

●     Coat: They have a short coat with an undercoat, suitable for harsh climates¹.

●     Color: Common colors include fawn, sable, and black¹.

Temperament: The Persian Mastiff is known for being calm, controlled, independent, and protective. They are intelligent and intuitive, often figuring out things for themselves². They are loving towards family members but can be suspicious of strangers, displaying protective behaviors unless properly trained².

Lifespan: These dogs have a relatively long lifespan for their size, living on average between 12-17 years¹.

Role: Traditionally, Sarabi dogs have been used by shepherds to protect herds from predators like bears, wolves, and jackals. Their protective nature also makes them excellent guard dogs for homes¹.

Training: Training a Persian Mastiff requires patience and consistency due to their independent nature. They respond well to positive reinforcement and clear leadership².

Health: While there is no specific health information provided, large breeds like the Persian Mastiff may be prone to joint issues and should be monitored for common large breed health concerns.

Care: Regular exercise, a nutritious diet, and routine veterinary check-ups are essential for maintaining the health and happiness of a Persian Mastiff.

This breed's impressive stature and loyal disposition make it a remarkable companion for those who can accommodate its needs and provide firm, loving guidance.

Sources:

1. Sarabi dog - Wikipedia

2. Sarabi Dog - The Iranian Shepherd/Persian Mastiff Breed - Vet Guru

3. Persian Mastiff - Molosser

4. Persian Mastiff - Molosser

5. Sarabi Mastiff (Persian Mastiff) Dog Breed Information - Doglime

There is no such breed as the African Gorilla Dog. The name could be a localized version of the African Boerboel, which is a large and powerful breed of dog originally used for guarding livestock and property in South Africa.

I couldn't find any information about the Afghan Bulldog breed. However, it is important to note that there is no breed such as Afghan Bulldog. It is likely a designer breed, a made up breed, a mixed mutt someone came across in Afghanistan or a mistaken name.